Therefore, reducing cognitive demands in an interview context by using scripted questions or having third-party observers evaluate the interview process might be effective in fostering accurate impressions and judgments of a job candidate. When forming first impressions, people typically have to rely on limited and potentially misleading information about others. Drawing big conclusions from such limited information can lead to poor decisions with broader implications.
Understanding the origins and consequences of first impressions is the first step to addressing biases in those impressions. The points discussed above aim to provide a brief guide to the students of psychological science who are interested in taking part in this scientific journey. Ambady, N. Half a minute: Predicting teacher evaluations from thin slices of nonverbal behavior and physical attractiveness.
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Perceiver threat in social interactions with stigmatized others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80 , — Chen, S. Getting at the truth or getting along: Accuracy-versus impression-motivated heuristic and systematic processing.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 71 , — Dougherty, T. Policy capturing in the employment interview. Journal of Applied Psychology , 71 , 9— Confirming first impressions in the employment interview: A field study of interviewer behavior.
Journal of Applied Psychology , 79 , — Gosling, S. A room with a cue: Personality judgments based on offices and bedrooms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 82 , — Gregg, A.
Easier done than undone: Asymmetry in the malleability of implicit preferences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 90 , 1— Gunaydin, G. Impressions based on a portrait predict, 1-month later, impressions following a live interaction. Social Psychological and Personality Science , 8 , 36— Harris, M. You never get a second chance to make a first impression: Behavioral consequences of first impressions.
Skowronski Eds. Higgins, E. Category accessibility and impression formation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 13 , — Mann, T. Can we undo our first impressions? The role of reinterpretation in reversing implicit evaluations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, , — Moskowitz, G. Individual differences in social categorization: The effects of personal need for structure on spontaneous trait inferences.
Has PDF. Publication Type. More Filters. View 2 excerpts, cites background and results. View 2 excerpts, cites background. View 1 excerpt, cites background. Robotic applications have entered various aspects of our lives, such as health care and educational services. View 1 excerpt, cites results. Attachment theory is a research area in psychology that has enjoyed decades of successful study, and has subsequently become explored in realms beyond that of the original infant-caregiver bonds.
View 3 excerpts, cites background. Does the Goal Matter? However, your first impression will still dominate in all other contexts.
According to Gawronski, our brain stores expectancy-violating experiences as exceptions-to-the-rule, such that the rule is treated as valid except for the specific context in which it has been violated.
To investigate the persistence of first impressions, Gawronski and his collaborators showed their study participants either positive or negative information about an unknown individual on a computer screen. Later in the study, participants were presented with new information about the same individual, which was inconsistent with the initial information.
To study the influence of contexts, the researchers subtly changed the background color of the computer screen while participants formed an impression of the target person.
When the researchers subsequently measured participants' spontaneous reactions to an image of the target person, they found the new information influenced participants' reactions only when the person was presented against the background in which the new information had been learned.
Otherwise, participants' reactions were still dominated by the first information when the target person was presented against other backgrounds. Although these results support the common observation that first impressions are notoriously persistent, Gawronski notes they can sometimes be changed.
In that case, new experiences become decontextualized and the first impression will slowly lose its power. But, as long as a first impression is challenged only within the same context, you can do whatever you want.
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